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Figure 9-3:Sample Properties dialog box and notification area iconThe harmless universal option is the one that reads Show icon in notificationarea when selected. If you choose that option, the notification area near thelower-right corner of your screen will show a miniconnectoid icon wheneveryou re online. Pointing to that icon will likely display information about yourconnection. Right-clicking that icon will provide a quick shortcut to certain features of your modem, as in the example shown at the bottom of Figure 9-3. Double-clicking the icon will open a Status dialog providing more informationand options. If you have a dial-up modem, the notification area icon will likely give you theoption to disconnect from the Internet and go offline. With a broadband account, you can go offline by right-clicking the notification area and choosing Disable, though few people actually bother. Once you know what the threats are andhow to protect yourself from them, you can do as I and millions of other folksdo, and just leave your computer on and online 24 hours a day, seven days aweek, 365 days a year. (More on that in Chapter 20.) Troubleshooting a Network ConnectionBefore you try to troubleshoot your Internet account, the first thing you needto realize is that much of the information you need is available only from yourInternet Service Provider. Windows XP does contain some network trouble- shooting tools that mightbe able to help. But your best resource when itChapter
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Figure 9-2:Sample Network Connections folderI know the bottom icon represents my Internet connection, because I use theRCA USB Cable Modem that the icon represents to connect to the Internet. The part of that icon that reads Enabled, Shared, Firewalled means that themodem is on and working (Enabled). The Shared part tells me that the modemis accessible to all the computers in my LAN. That s so all the computers canbe online at the same time with only one Internet account (and one monthlybill). The Firewalled part means that the connection is protected from hackers, a topic we ll discuss in Chapter 13. Putting a Connectoid in the Notification AreaLike most things computerish, connectoids have properties that define theircharacteristics. The exact properties provided by a connectoid will vary withyour hardware. There s rarely any need to mess with those properties. If yourInternet connection is working, you probably don twant to go in there andstart messing around with things. But there is one option that s almost univer- sal and sure to be harmless. To get to it, right-click the icon for an icon andchoose Properties. The Properties dialog box for that connection device willopen, perhaps looking something like the example shown in Figure 9-3.168Part Is Your Internet Connection Local? Earlier, I said that stuff that s in your computer is local and that stuff outside yourcomputer is remote. So you might wonder why my Internet connection in Figure9-2 has the name Local Area Connection 4. First of all, I didn t make up thatname. That s just the automatic name assigned by Windows. But the reason my cable modem is considered local is because it s connected tomy computer by a cable. That is, the cable modem itself is a local device I canmanipulate directly from my computer. Everything beyondthat modem is aremote resource.
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Your Network Connections FolderWhen you have an Internet account, there s a little icon called a connectoid(connection ID) that represents your connection in your Network Connectionsfolder. If you don t have an Internet connection yet, but dohave an account, youmight be able to get connected to your ISP through this folder. As I mentionedearlier, however, it s rarely necessary to do this, because your ISP will try tosimplify the process as much as possible. To get to your Network Connections folder, you can use either or these methods: .Click the Start button and choose All Programs.Accessories. Communications.Network Connections. or . . .1.Click the Start button and choose Control Panel. 2.If Control Panel opens in Category view, click Network and InternetConnections under Pick a category. Otherwise, skip this step. 3.Open the Network Connections icon. Depending on how your Start menu is set up, you might be able totake one of the following shortcuts instead: Click the Start button and choose Network Connections. Or click the Start button, and choose My Network Connections; then click View Network Connections under Network Tasks inthe Explorer bar. See Personalizing your Start Menu in Chapter 24 if you d like to addNetwork Connections or My Network Places to your Start menu. Exactly what you see in your Network Connections folder depends on what kindof network connections you have. If you have a dial-up account, your connectoidwill most likely be represented by some icon under Dial-Up. If you have a broad- bandaccount, it will more likely be listed under LAN or High-Speed Internet, asin the example shown in Figure 9-2, where the bottom icon represents myInternet connection. Your Network Connections folder won t look exactly like the example shown, unless by some peculiar coincidence you happen to have exactly the sameequipment in your computer as I do. (Not likely, since there are thousands ofproducts on the market that allow you to connect to the Internet.) But let mebriefly explain what each icon represents. I have several computers in the house, all connected together in a local areanetwork (LAN). The top icon represents this computer s connection to thatLAN. (The only reason I know this is because I installed the CNet PRO200WLmodem that the icon represents, and I did so to connect that computer to my LAN.)
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Downloading and UploadingOne thing people do a lot of on the Internet is downloadstuff. The term downloadmeans to copy something from some other computer to your own computer. The term uploadmeans the opposite: to copy something from your computerto some other computer on the Internet. To upload, you need to have somesort of space on the Internet to which you can copy files. (More on that later part of the book.) For now, it s sufficient to know the difference betweendownloading and uploading. If you envision the Internet as a cloud, it s easy to keep the terms straight. Downloadmeans to copy something down from the cloud onto your com- puter. Uploadmeans to copy something from your computer up to thecloud. Getting an Internet AccountMost people who buy a computer just sort of stumble into their first Internetaccount by double-clicking some icon on their screen. AOL and MSN sell lotsof Internet accounts through that method. If you want to be more choosey, youneed to do a little homework. If you look up Internet Service Provider in yourlocal yellow pages, you ll probably find you have lots of companies andaccount types from which to choose. For broadband accounts, many people go through their local phone company. That way, the charges just get added to the phone bill, and you don t have anextra monthly bill to pay. Or, if you already have cable TV, you can probablyget a fast cable account through your cable provider. Again, they ll tack theadditional charges onto your cable bill so you don t have another monthly irritant to contend with. Although some tools in Windows XP are designed to help you set up an Internetaccount, the truth is that people rarely need them or use them. The typicalscenario is more like this: You choose an Internet Service Provider, and you set up an account with them; then one of three things happens: .Your ISP comes to your house and sets everything up for you (that sideal). .Your ISP sends you some sort of instructions, and you follow thoseinstructions to set up your account. .Your ISP sends you some program that you run on your computer, and the program sets up your account. Because hundreds of ISPs are available, and they don t all follow a standard set of rules, I can t give you any more details than those, other than to tell youthat your ISP is motivated to make setting up your account as easy as possible, because they d rather not pay a whole staff of people to sit on the phone linesand talk their customers through the set-up procedure.
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A typical broadband cable account moves data at about 750-1,000 Kbps. Sowait times are brief. What might take several minutes to accomplish with adial-up account takes only a few seconds with a broadband account. Clients and ServersMost of the computers on the Internet at any given time are clients. That is, they are consumers of what the Internet has to offer. Your computer is mostdefinitely a client. Other computers on the Internet are servers. Servers provide the services thatclients are using. Nobody sits at a server and does work. Rather, the serverjust sits online and answers requests coming from clients. For example, a Webserveris a computer that holds a Web site people visit. All day and night, theWeb server sends its Web pages to whoever happens to request those pages. That s the Web server s only job. Online and OfflineThe term onlinemeans connected to the Internet and ready to use its services. The term offlinemeans not connected to the Internet. (That is, the cable con- necting your modem to your ISP is not active at the moment.) When you reonline, you have access to remote resourcesand local resources. When you reoffline, you have access to local resources only. A resourceis anything useful. Remote resourcesare things that are not on yourcomputer, but instead are on other computers. You need to be online to accessremote resources. Local resources are things that are in your own computer, such as your hard disk, floppy disk, CD drive, and all your files. You haveaccess to local resources any time your computer is turned on. You don t haveto be online to access local resources. With a dial-up account, you have to make some small effort to get online. I can tsay exactly what that effort will be, because it depends on your ISP. But thetypical scenario is that you open some program, and the modem starts to howland make weird noises. Then you type your user name and password, whichidentify who you are and verify that you really are that person, because pre- sumably you re the only person in the world who knows that password. Once you re online, you can use the Internet (for example, do e-mail, browse theWeb). To go offline, you might have to close the program you initially started. Or you may be able to right-click the little connectoid icon in the notificationarea (if available) and choose Disconnect. At that point, you re offline and canno longer use the Internet. With a broadband account, there s no such logging in and out. If the computeris on, and the modem is on, you re online. If the computer is off, or the modemis off, you re offline. No dialing, no weird phone noises, no signing in. Contraryto popular belief, this is not a bad thing. It s a good thing, and we ll talk aboutwhy it s not dangerous to be online all the time in Chapter 13.
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Figure 9-1:A modem and ISP provide your computer s connection to the Internet. Your ISP might be MSN, America Online, Comcast, Juno, or any of several hundred other companies. In a sense, it really doesn t matter, because there is only one Internet. ISPs all basically work the same way. They rent a largeamount of bandwidth, say $10,000 or $100,000 a month worth. The lightningbolt in Figure 9-1 represents that expensive high-bandwidth connection. TheISP sells smaller chunksof that bandwidth to lots of customers, with the intentof making a profit. What Is Bandwidth? Bandwidth, measured in kilobytes per second (Kbps or Kb), is a measure ofhow much information at a time can be sent through the line that connectsyour computer to your ISP. For example, a dial-up account tops out at about 48 to 50 kbps. That s roughly 48,000 to 50,000 bits per second (bps). Thatsounds like a lot. Since any given file can contain millions of bits, however, it s really not that fast. The lower the bandwidth, the longer the wait for things you ve requested fromthe Internet. For consumers, accounts generally cost anywhere from $10.00 to$20.00 a month for a 56K dial-up account, to maybe $30.00 or $40.00 a monthfor a broadband connection. Here s the difference: .Dial-up:Connection to your ISP goes through a standard modem andtraditional telephone lines. (Your phone line is busy if anyone tries tocall while you re online.) The maximum speed of a dial-up account isusually in the 48 to 50 Kbps range. Even though your modem may berated at 56K, the phone lines can t move traffic quite that quickly. .Broadband:Connection to your ISP is through cable (the type usedby cable TV companies), or special Digital Subscriber Lines (DSL) owned by the phone companies, that can move data at faster than 50 Kbps. You connect to a broadband account using a modem orrouter. You can get just about any connection speed you want. ISPModemYourComputerInternet164Part
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99CHAPTERGettingOnlineAs just about everyone knows, the Internet is anenormous collection of computers connected by cables. The two most widely used services that theInternet provides are e-mail and the World Wide Web. Plenty of other lesser-known services are available, however, such as instant messaging and file-sharing, and you ll learn about them in this part of the book. Nobody actually owns the Internet, other than perhapsthe American taxpayers who paid for it during the ColdWar. On the Internet, there is no censorship anythinggoes on the Net. Nobody polices the Internet lookingout for your best interests. You need to protect yourselffrom any threats out there. It s the Wild, Wild West ofthe twenty-first century. And if you re easily shocked, you ll no doubt find some things pretty shocking outthere. What Is the Internet? The Internet consists of millions of computers through- out the world, all connected by cables. In networkingdiagrams, the Internet is always displayed as a cloud, as in Figure 9-1. The cloud is a good symbol for theInternet; just as a cloud is made up of millions of tinywater droplets, the Internet is made up of millions ofcomputers. You connect to the Internet through a device called amodem (or router) and an ISP(Internet Service Provider). A modem or router is a gadget that connects your com- puter to a phone line or cable. An ISP is a company thatprovides the connection between your modem and theInternet. …In This ChapterWhat is the Internet? Getting an Internet accountYour NetworkConnections folderTroubleshooting connection …
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Using theInternetThe Internet home to every bit of knowledgeknown to humankind, all just a few mouse clicksaway. No more paper mail, stamps, and two-week waits. Letters and pictures arrive anywhere in the worldinstantly, without costing a cent. No more long-distancebills or plain-old voice phones. Now you can see whomyou re talking to, talk all day, and Ma Bell will nevereven know it. Best of all, it s legal! If only there were a way to use all that Internet stuffwithout having to learn anything first. If only . . . Time to face up to the awful truth it takes more than anInternet account to use the Internet. Or, put another way, if you don t know what you re doing online, you might aswell be offline. So guess what Part III is about . . .? …In This PartChapter 9Getting OnlineChapter 10Browsing the WorldWide WebChapter 11Sending and ReceivingE-mailChapter 12Using a .NET PassportChapter 13Keeping It Safe …IIIIIIPART12
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.If your computer has a faxmodem installed, you can use the WindowsXP Fax Services to send and receive faxes. .To manage all faces, open the Fax Console (click the Start button andchoose All Programs.Accessories.Communications.Fax.FaxConsole. .To send and receive faxes without a faxmodem, use an Internet service such as eFax (www.efax.com) or venali (www.venali.com).
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More on FaxingFaxing with a computer is actually a large topic one that could fill a smallbook as opposed to part of a chapter in a book. But if I were to get into thingsthat deeply here, I would have to cut back on quite a few of the other umpteenzillion topics I need to cover. To supplement the basics you ve learned here, use the Help menu in the Fax Console. Or take a look at the fax articles atMicrosoft s Knowledge Base by following these steps: 1.Point your Web browser to http://support.microsoft.com. 2.In the Search the Knowledge Base box that appears on the Web page, type 306550and press Enter or click the green Go button. 3.Click the View Results Only tab. Then click whichever article titlebest describes the task you re trying to accomplish. Remember that most of the articles at the Knowledge Base are specificallyabout faxing with a faxmodem. To learn more about a given Internet fax serv- ice, you ll need to use the Web site for that service, not Microsoft s Web site. SummaryAs mentioned, there are hundreds of makes and models of printers on the market and thousands of programs that can print documents. But despite thecountless possibilities, some things are so common that you can safely assumethey re true for whatever printer you own and whatever program you re using. Likewise, there are lots of ways to send and receive faxes with a computer andlots of different faxmodems on the market. But again, the skills you ve pickedup in this chapter should be enough to at least get you started. Here s a quickrecap of the main points made in this chapter: .To print the document that s currently open and visible on yourscreen in some program, click the Print button in the program s tool- bar, or choose File.Print from that program s menu bar, or pressCtrl+P. .When you print a document, you create a print job, which in turn issent to the print queue before the printer actually goes to work. .To manage current print jobs, double-click the little printer icon inthe notification area to open the print queue. .To manage printers and fax devices as a whole, use the Printers andFaxes folder in Control Panel. .To print a snapshot of your screen, first press the Print Screen(PrtScn) key, or press Alt+Print Screen to capture only the active window. Then open your favorite graphics program and chooseEdit.Paste from its menu bar, or press Ctrl+V. Use the Print andSave options on that program s menu bar to print the image or tosave it as a file on your hard disk.
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