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If the answer to any of the preceding questions is no, your best bet is to justdelete the e-mail message and forget about it. Getting rid of worms and virusesis no small feat. So there s no point in even taking a chance on a suspiciouse-mail attachment. Just knowing whom the e-mail message is from isn t enough to guarantee itssafety. Here s why. Let s say your friend Mabel picks up a virus from an e-mailattachment. She opens it, and her computer is infected, but she has no way ofknowing this. While Mabel is innocently clicking around, the virus is busysending copies of itself to people in Mabel s Address Book. Mabel doesn tknow this even if she s sitting there staring right at the screen while thevirus is doing its thing. The virus will give no hint of its evil intent. If your e-mail address is in Mabel s address book, there s a good chance thevirus will eventually send a copy of itself to you. When you get the e-mail withMabel s return address, you have no way of knowing that she unwittingly sentyou the virus. The moment you open the attachment, your computer isinfected too. And your computer will then start sending copies of the virus topeople in your Address Book. You won t know it, either. The virus just spreadsfrom computer to computer, its hapless victims madly sending copies to eachother without having a clue that they re sending and receiving viruses. Some viruses are attached to e-mail messages intended to look real. For exam- ple, the first message header in Figure 13-1 looks like a typical bounce-backmessage (that is, a notification you receive when you send an e-mail that doesn t reach the intended recipient). But I know the one in the figure is a fake, because the e-mail message (in the lower pane) refers to an e-mail address I venever sent e-mail to. Since I never sent an e-mail to that address, the messagemust be a fake, and the files attached to it are likely viruses. Here s another example of where just knowing whom a message is from offersno protection at all. The e-mail messages in Figure 13-2, all from Support@ microsoft.com, are all viruses too. How do I know, or why do I believe this? Three reasons: .I haven t sent an e-mail to Support@microsoft.comlately, so I m notexpecting anything from them. .A legitimate software company like Microsoft, Adobe, Corel, or anyother would neversend unsolicited e-mails that contain attachments, even if the attachments were safe. .The body of the first e-mail message, shown in the lower-half ofFigure 13-2, tells me nothing about what s in the attachment. The fact of the matter is that none of the messages in Figure 13-2 are really fromSupport@microsoft.com. They re not from Microsoft at all. The return addressin each of those messages is bogus. So I would just delete every one of thosemessages without even wasting my time to look at their contents.
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tends to do so using techniques other than e-mail. For example, a worm mightslowly infect one file after the next on your computer, until things get so out ofhand you can t even start or shut down the computer. A Trojan horseis a potentially bad program. A Trojan horse doesn t replicateitself and most likely won t do any harm to your computer. For example, a pro- gram capable of digging lost passwords out of files is considered a Trojanhorse. On the one hand, such a program can be a lifesaver if you save somedocument using a password, then forget the password. On the other hand, allowing such a program onto a corporate network could be bad news for corporate security, because people could use it to break into other peoples password-protected files. In other words, whether or not the program is baddepends on how you intend to use it. The majority of viruses are spread through e-mail attachments. I see them goby all the time. For example, Figure 13-1 shows a bunch of e-mails I ve received, all of which contain viruses. Note that just because they re sitting in my e-mailInbox doesn t mean that my computer is infected by the virus. For the virus totake effect, I would have to open one of the infected attachments. Figure 13-1:All these e-mail messages have viruses attached. Of course, I wouldn t dream of opening any of those e-mail messages or theirattachments. I ll just delete every one of those without so much as taking apeek at them. But this book isn t about me. The question is, What can you doto avoid opening virus-infected e-mail attachments? A simple, free, low-techsolution to the problem is to ask yourself these three questions before youeven consider opening an e-mail attachment: 1.Do I know, personally, who sent this e-mail attachment to me? 2.Was I expecting that person to send me this attachment? 3.Does the e-mail message itself describe what s in the attachment?
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1313CHAPTERKeeping It SafeUsing the Internet isn t an entirely risk-free adven- ture. Sadly, there are people in the world who getperverse pleasure from ruining other peoples fun. TheInternet provides ample opportunity to do that. Threatson the Internet take many forms, from relatively harm- less, but irritating, spam(junk e-mail) to virusesandworms programs designed to do bad things and makecopies of themselves to boot. Contrary to popular belief and hard-sell TV commercials, a dial-up Internet account is no safer than a broadbandaccount. Millions of computers (including my own) areon, and online, 24 hours a day, seven days a week, yetnever victimized by any bad things online. And millionsof people with dial-up accounts get all the bad things. The difference has nothing to do with the type ofaccount you have or how fast your connection is. Theonly thing that can protect you is knowing what thethreats are and how to defend yourself against them. Viruses, Worms, and Trojan HorsesThe most widely know threat on the Internet is the com- puter virus. Computer viruses aren t like viruses thathumans and animals catch. Computer viruses are pro- grams written by human beings. What makes a virus dif- ferent from most other types of programs is that a virusis able to replicate itself. That is, a virus is a programthat can e-mail copies of itself to other peoples comput- ers (via the Internet). The virus might do other badthings as well, such as erase files from your hard disk, perform attacks on other computers without your know- ing it, or just play pranks on you. A wormis very similar to a virus in that it s a programdesigned to do bad things, and you don t want it onyour computer. A worm can also replicate itself. It just …In This ChapterViruses, worms, horsesHackers and crackersDealing with pop-up adsDealing with spam(junk e-mail) Fighting adware controlsKeeping XP up-to-…
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Still More .NET Passport StuffThere s even more to .NET Passport than you ve learned in this chapter. Butthese other features take place through the Internet or your Web browser andaren t directly related to Windows Messenger. Here are more resources youcan visit and take advantage of using your .NET Passport: .Create your own Web site:Your .NET Passport entitles you to create an MSN Group, which is much like a Web site where you canpost text, pictures, and such. For more information, visit http:// groups.msn.com. .Meet people:Stop by a chat room, where you can meet new peopleand debate hot topics. Visit http://chat.msn.comto get started. .Play games online:Want to show off your gaming skills online? Stopby http://zone.msn.comto get started. .Free extras:Add some style to your instant messages using the CoolExtras available from http://messenger.msn.com/Resource. .MSN on your cell phone or PDA:For information on extendingWindows Messenger s reach to your cell phone, PDA (PersonalDigital Assistant), or wristwatch, take at look at http://mobile. msn.com. ..NET Passport help and support:For general information, troubleshooting, and other .NET Passport support, swing byhttp://messenger.msn.com/Help. SummaryHere s a quick recap of the main points covered in this chapter: .A .NET Passport is a free account that provides Internet services thatgo beyond basic e-mail and Web browsing. .Windows Messenger is a program that allows you to communicatewith other people in real time, by typing, talking, or videophone. .You can also send and receive files of any size using WindowsMessenger. .Remote Assistance is a Windows Messenger feature that allows youto turn control of your computer over to a trusted expert on theInternet. .To personalize Windows Messenger, choose Tools.Options from itsmenu bar. .To sign out of your .NET Passport, right-click the little WindowsMessenger icon in the Notification Area and click Sign Off.
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You can also use Windows Messenger to receive .NET Passport Alerts. Like alter- native sign-ins, alerts are actually provided by third-party companies. Using eBayas an example once again, you can set up eBay alerts such that you receive amessage as soon as someone outbids you on an item you re gunning for. To enable .NET Alerts, click the Bell tab at the left side of Windows Messenger sprogram window. (If you don t see the tabs down the side of the window, chooseTools.Show Tabs.Microsoft .NET Alerts from Windows Messenger s programwindow.) The first time you click the Bell tab, you ll see the option to sign upfor your free alerts. Just click the Sign Up Now button and follow the instructionson the screen. From there, you ll see a list of companies offering .NET Alerts. Click any company name to learn more about the types of alerts they offer andto choose the types of alerts you d like to receive. Signing Off, Closing, and TerminatingClosing Windows Messenger doesn t automatically take you out of your .NETPassport account. Instead, the program window just closes, but theNotification Area icon remains. To sign out altogether, so that nobody can sendyou messages or alerts, do either of the following: .Choose File.Sign Out from Windows Messenger s menu bar. .Right-click that little messenger icon in the Notification Area (Figure 12-21) and choose Sign Out. Figure 12-21:Signing out of your .NET PassportOnce you re signed out, you cannot use any .NET Passport features. To signback in, double-click the Windows Messenger icon in the Notification Area. Orright-click that icon and choose Sign In. The gray pop-up ads that you might get, which show Messenger Serviceintheir title bars, aren t related to your .NET Passport or Windows Messenger. To get rid of those, see the section Blocking Messenger Pop-Ups 13. Terminating your .NET Passport won t disable those pop-ups.
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Using an Alternative to Sign-ins and .NET AlertsYou can use your .NET Passport as an alternative sign-in for Web sites thatrequire signing in. For example, let s say you have an account with eBay(www.ebay.com). Each time you visit that site, you have to go through thewhole sign-in rigmarole. As an alternative to constantly signing in, you can useyour .NET Passport to sign you in automatically. To do so, first go to www.ebay.comand click the Sign In option. At the Sign-inpage, scroll down to where you can see the alternative sign-ins, as in the upper- left corner of Figure 12-20. After you click the button, you re taken to the .NETPassport sign-in sheet shown in the lower portion of that figure. Type your.NET Passport name and password, and optionally choose the Sign me in auto- maticallyoption to automate your sign-in for future sessions. Figure 12-20:Sample alternative sign-in promptsYou want to use only automatic sign-in on your own personal computer, though. If you re using a public computer, or anyone else s computer, youwon t want to enable that automatic sign-in, as doing so allows people whodon t know your password to sign in as you. Some Web sites (eBay isn t one of them) will add a tab to the left side of yourWindows Messenger window when you set up your alternative sign in. Whenyou add such a site to Windows Messenger, you ll be able to take a quickshortcut to the Web site, and sign in, just by clicking the site s tab in WindowsMessenger. Web sites can only add tabs if you ve disabled the Don t download anytabs to my computeroption on the Privacy tab shown in Figure 12-19. Gotcha280Part
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Showing/Hiding Your Phone NumberWhen you right-click a contact in your Windows Messenger list and chooseProperties, you see some basic information about that person in a Propertiesdialog box. That information might, or might not, include the contact s phonenumber. You can choose whether or not to make your own phone number visi- ble to your contacts by clicking the Phone tab in Windows Messenger s dialogbox. To make phone numbers visible to your contacts, choose a Country/ Region Code from the drop-down list. Then type any phone numbers you wantto make visible. To prevent contacts from seeing your phone numbers, leaveall the options empty. Windows Messenger Phone CallsThe Phones tab in Windows Messenger s Options dialog box allows you to setup alternative communications services that can work with Windows Messenger. There are two types of services you can add, though neither is free, nor simple: .SIP Communications Service:Session Initiative Protocol (SIP) is atechnology used by some corporations to allow employees to placetelephone calls over the Internet. If your company has this capability, your network administrator can configure your copy of WindowsMessenger to work with SIP. .Exchange Instant Messaging:Companies that have MicrosoftExchange 2000 installed can configure instant messaging so thatmembers of a local network can communicate with another withWindows Messenger. Both services require products and expertise that go beyond Windows XP andthe scope of this book. To learn more about SIP and making telephone callsthrough Windows Messenger, choose Help.Help Topics from WindowsMessenger s menu bar. Then click the Search tab and search for SIPorExchange. However, network administrators need to be aware that the optionsfor configuring SIP, Exchange, and other basic information about your Internetconnection are on the Accounts and Connection tabs in Windows Messenger sOptions dialog box. Conversations versus Telephone CallsAnyone with a computer, sound card, speakers, and a microphone can havevoice conversations using the techniques described under Toll-Free Talking, earlier in this chapter. Those voice conversations always involve two or morecomputers (no telephones) and are always free of charge. Telephone conversations are different in several ways. For one thing, there s a stan- dard telephone, a cell phone, or some other noncomputer communications deviceinvolved in the conversation. For another, telephone calls are never free of charge. In fact, you can t even use Windows Messenger to make phone calls unless yousign up with a Serial Information Protocol (SIP) Communications Service.
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Figure 12-19:The Privacy tab in Windows Messenger s Options dialog boxThe boldfaced item Other .NET Messenger Usersrefers to umpteen millionpeople in the world who have a .NET Passport and are not my contacts. WhenOther .NET Passport Usersis in your Allow List, anyone can add you to his orher list of contacts and send you messages. If you move Other .NET MessengerUsersto your Block List, only the people in your My Allow List can see whenyou re online and can contact you. If you send an instant message to someone, but they don t receive it, askthat person to add you, or All other users, to his or her My Allow List. If youcan t receive a message from someone, check your own My Allow List. See Who Has You as a ContactIf you re curious who has you listed as a contact in Windows Messenger pro- grams, click the View button next to Which people have added me to their con- tact lists?option on the Privacy tab. In the dialog box that opens, you canright-click any person and choose Properties to see his or her e-mail address. If you want to be alerted anytime someone adds you as a contact, choose theAlert me when other people add me to their contacts listsoption. Choosing theAlways ask me for my password when opening .NET Passport-enabled Web pagesdisables the ability to sign in automatically. Selecting the last option, Don t download any tabs to my computer, preventsWeb sites from adding tabs to your Windows Messenger contacts. See the sec- tion Using Alternatives to Sign-ins and .NET Alerts, later in this chapter, forinformation on tabs. Gotcha278Part
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Choosing Where to Put Received FilesAnytime someone sends a file during a Windows Messenger conversation, thatfile is stored in a folder named My Received Files folder in your My Documentsfolder. You can change that default folder to anything you want. For example, in Chapter 13, I talk about the option of putting all downloaded files in aRecent Downloads folder, so you can scan just those files for viruses ratherthan having to scan your entire hard disk. To change where Windows Messenger stores your received files, click theBrowse button under File Transfer on the Options dialog box. In Figure 12-18, my My Received Files folder. It s listed under Alan s documents in thatfigure, because I m currently signed in to the user account named Alan. Figure 12-18:Browsing to a folder named My Received Files within My DocumentsMaintaining Your PrivacyPeople vary a lot in how they use instant messaging. Some people use it in avery public manner, chatting with strangers in chat rooms, making informationabout themselves available to other people, and so forth. Other people don twant any public exposure at all. They want to use instant messaging to conversewith people they know, and that s it. You can have it either way. It s all a matterof knowing which settings to choose. The Privacy tab in Windows Messenger sOptions dialog box, shown in Figure 12-19, provides your privacy options. Blocking Known and Unknown ContactsWhen you first open the Privacy tab, you ll see two lists: the My Allow List andthe My Block List. People in the My Allow List can see when you re online andcan send you instant messages. People on the My Block List can t see whenyou re online and cannot send you messages. To move a contact from one listto the other, click the contact name. Then click the << Allow or Block>> buttonto move the contact to the opposite list.
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Figure 12-17:The Preferences tab of Windows Messenger s Options dialog boxShowing/Hiding Message AlertsAlso on the Preferences tab of Windows Messenger s Options dialog box aresome options for controlling how you receive alerts. Your options are: .Display alerts when contacts come online:If this is selected, you llsee a little message in the Notification Area each time one of yourcontacts signs in to his or her .NET Passport. (You must also besigned in yourself.) Clearing this option prevents the NotificationArea message from being displayed. .Display alerts when an instant message is received:If this is selected, you ll see a message in the Notification Area whenever someone invitesyou to join an instant-messaging session. If you clear this option, theNotification Area message won t be displayed. .Block alerts and set status to Busywhen running full-screen pro- grams: If you use your computer to watch DVDs or other movies infull-screen, you may not want to be disturbed by message requests atthat time. Choosing this option will show your status as Busyto othercontacts whenever you re watching something in full-screen mode. .Play sound when contacts sign in or send a message:If you selectthis option, you ll hear a little sound whenever a contact signs in orsends you a message. You can then click the Sounds button to get tothe Sounds and Audio Devices dialog box. From that dialog box, youcan click the Sounds tab. Then scroll down to Windows Messenger inthe Program Events list, and choose your own sound effects for vari- ous events (Contact OnLine, New Alert, New Mail, and New Message).
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